Yesterday I ventured out West on rte 2A a bit to Concord to meet Peter Merrill, farmer and jack of all trades, at his new place Big Ox Farm.
Peter, along with his wife Meg are former graduates of The Cambridge School of Culinary Arts. Peter went on to work in the kitchens at Sel de La Terre for a few years before he decided that he would like to actually be outdoors occasionally and work during the day instead of at night - ah the life of a baker. He chose a local farm school program to attend and after finishing the course he looked around to see how he could start out with very little capitol, but a lot of love for what he does.
The 30 acre farm resides on protected lands that are part of the Minuteman National Parks and as such he must follow some very strict rules about how the land is used. Since they consider the soil from 18" down to be the 'architectural shelf' and everything must remain as it was in 1775, they can't dig in fence posts or lay irrigation lines. He has to really think outside the traditional farming methods in order to house, feed and raise his heritage breed cattle, pigs and poultry on 27 acres and raise produce on the other 3 acres.
We met him at the first fenced in area you see above. Those lovely sheep (SHEEP!!) are part of a UMASS Amherst research project that is being tested to see if using sheep to graze off and kill invasive species of plants such us purple loosestrife, bittersweet and other plants is a viable option. The sheep are corralled behind solar powered electric fencing that is moved to a new spot every few weeks. Once they clear an area, and boy do they clear an area, the fences are easily relocated and then they wait to see if the plants die off completely or return to the area.
The sheep are a Border Leicester and Dorset cross. He said that sheep are generally easy to care for and you really only need to worry about worms and fly strike. Peter shears, does their hooves and provides all required shots himself. He said it takes about 3 hours to do the hooves of about 30 sheep.
After we chatted at length about the sheep, we headed across the street to see his tractor and the produce field.
Several of us had already read his website which goes on at length about all the troubles he has had with this tractor and we started grilling him on why he keeps it around. The tractor is a 1953 Ford Jubilee, created by Ford to celebrate their 50th anniversary, why a car company built a tractor as a celebration none of us were sure. Peter told us that one thing that kills most farmers in their first year or two is borrowing too much money to pay for loads of specialized equipment. The tractor, he said, was free. It had a tree growing up through the middle of it, but that didn't deter Peter. He's good with his hands and knows a few things about engines so he rebuilt it top to bottom. The lovely double sink he found over on the side of the field is resting on the disc harrow one of only two tools he uses to cultivate the 3 acre field, the other is a plow. Also sitting in the double sink is his ox yoke. He said he was going to try and convince the ox to come over to the field, but he's rather ornery and tends to do things when and the way he chooses.
In this field he mostly grows baby lettuce, mustard greens, kale, green beans, radish and beets. All of this produce is sold back to Sel De La Terre and T.W. Food in Cambridge as well as the lamb, pork and chicken after a meeting with his abattoir, Blood Farm in Groton.
Next we met my favourite residents, although not for long, they are set to be dispatched in a few weeks time, Matilda and Sadie. They only have names because Peter thought he was going to keep them and use Matilda as breed stock, but she had three chances and none of them worked out. He said it is easier to purchase 10 piglets at a time from Codman farms and then he can plan their arrival date and the number of piglets far easier than wondering when a pregnant sow would drop and how many would arrive. These lovely and smart pigs are Tamworth. Tamworth are a heritage breed of pig that was set for extinction when their numbers dropped to around 200 several years ago. Since then, farmers have realised how valuable these pigs are because they have one interesting feature. They don't sunburn. This means Peter can leave these guys out in the fields to roam free eat bugs and worms and roots, rut around the produce fields after he has let things go to seed and they don't need shelter. When we arrived these guys were both laying over on the other side of the field next to their water. All Peter had to do was yell "hey piggies" and those two girls got up and ran over. What were they after? Ear scratches.
As we grilled Peter with questions about Matilda's weight, 600 pounds, and how much she would yield in meat, about 400 pounds as well as her age, about 8 months the lovely Matilda dropped down for a nap.
We left her snoozing and went to look at the chickens in Peter's cobbled together range coop.
Most of the residents had been dispatched the day before, but he saved a few to show us how the range coop works and to talk to us about how he raises them. The chickens are a Cornish and Leghorn cross. Later he would like to raise heritage breeds as well as ducks and geese, but right now he is trying to not take on too much. Remember this is a two man band running this operation and he works part time at B&R artisan bread, Sel de la Terre's baking outpost in Framingham as well! The coop moves along a bit every day by lifting the side up and placing an old two wheeler underneath, Peter then hauls it over a bit to find some fresh grass and bugs and all the chickens made little noises of excitement when they were relocated.
I'm already plotting how many chicks I can ask Peter to raise for me.
Everything here is raised eating from the local environment, he uses very little feed to supplement any of the livestocks diet. Sadly I had to leave to meet a friend in Concord centre so I missed going over to the other fields to see the cattle and that ornery ox, but I'll be back. Peter says come by anytime, this is public land and part of a public park system, I'm sure he'd be pretty happy to show you around.
Big Ox Farm
955 Lexington Road, Concord MA
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